Kalām, speech or discourse, is the discipline of Islamic dogmatic theology, with schools such as the Muʿtazila, the Ashʿarīs and the Māturīdīs. It debated God’s attributes, free will and the createdness of the Qurʾān. Al-Ghazālī judged it useful but unable to give certainty.
Kalām
Islamic theology: rational defence and explanation of the articles of faith.