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Primary source, translation

The Secrets of the Self

Asrār-i Khudī

By Muhammad Iqbal

Translated by Reynold A. Nicholson

Macmillan, London, 1920

First written 1915

In the public domain

About this text

Nicholson’s translation of Iqbal’s Persian poem on the self (khudi), which argues that the self is to be strengthened through love and action rather than dissolved, with an introduction based on Iqbal’s own account of his ideas.

How to cite

Muhammad Iqbal. The Secrets of the Self: Asrār-i Khudī. Translated by Reynold A. Nicholson. Macmillan, London, 1920.

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Chicago (bibliography)

“The Secrets of the Self.” Source. The Library, Unitive Knowledge Society. Last modified November 7, 2026. https://www.unitiveknowledge.org/library/sources/secrets-of-the-self-nicholson.

Chicago (note)

“The Secrets of the Self,” source, The Library, Unitive Knowledge Society, last modified November 7, 2026, https://www.unitiveknowledge.org/library/sources/secrets-of-the-self-nicholson.

MLA

“The Secrets of the Self.” The Library, Unitive Knowledge Society, 7 Nov. 2026, www.unitiveknowledge.org/library/sources/secrets-of-the-self-nicholson.

BibTeX
@misc{sources-secrets-of-the-self-nicholson,
  title = {{The Secrets of the Self}},
  howpublished = {The Library, Unitive Knowledge Society},
  note = {Source. Last modified November 7, 2026},
  year = {2026},
  url = {https://www.unitiveknowledge.org/library/sources/secrets-of-the-self-nicholson}
}